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Que (What)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: What / That
  • Type: Pronoun / Conjunction
  • Punjabi Root: ਕੀ / ਕਿ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /kuh/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਕੂ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • The 'Qu' is a hard 'K' sound (like 'kite').
  • The 'e' is a short, neutral schwa sound (like 'u' in 'butter').
  • Visual: Imagine saying Q but stopping halfway.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: Soft 'K' + 'oo' sound → ਕੂ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • The Elision Rule: Que becomes qu' before a vowel or silent H.
    • Example: Que + il = Qu'il
  • The Connector: Acts like the Punjabi 'ਕਿ' to connect two clauses.
  • The Question: Starts questions like "Que fais-tu?" (What are you doing?).

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Qu'est-ce que c'est ? 🗣️ kess-kuh-say
🧩 Qu' (What) + est-ce (is it)		 ਕੈਸ-ਕੂ-ਸੈ?
Most common way to ask "What is it?"
2. Que fais-tu ? 🗣️ kuh fay-too
🧩 Que (What) + fais (do)		 ਕੂ ਫੇ-ਤੂ?
"What are you doing?"
(Informal: Friends/Family)
3. Je pense que c'est bien. 🗣️ zhuh pawnss kuh say byañ
🧩 Que = "That" (Connector)		 ਜ਼ੂ ਪੌਂਸ ਕੂ ਸੈ ਬਿਆਂ
"I think that it's good."
(Similar to Punjabi ਕਿ)
4. Que veux-tu manger ? 🗣️ kuh vuh-too mawn-zhay
🧩 Inversion: veux-tu		 ਕੂ ਵੂ-ਤੂ ਮੌਂ-ਜ਼ੇ?
"What do you want to eat?"
(Formal structure)
5. Il dit qu'il arrive. 🗣️ eel dee keel ah-reev
🧩 Elision: que → qu'		 ਇਲ ਦੀ ਕੀਲ ਆ-ਰੀਵ
"He says that he's coming."
(Connects two phrases)

#vocabulary

QUI (Who)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: Who
  • Type: Interrogative Pronoun
  • Punjabi Root: ਕੌਣ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /kee/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਕੀ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • Sound: Sounds exactly like the English word "Key" or the Punjabi word "ਕੀ" (Kee - meaning 'What', but here it means 'Who').
  • Confusion Alert: In Punjabi, 'Ki' means What. In French, 'Qui' means Who. Don't mix them up!

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Usage: Asking about people.
  • Qui est-ce: "Who is it?"

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Qui est-ce ? 🗣️ kee ess
🧩 Identity check		 ਕੀ ਐਸ?
"Who is it?"
2. C'est qui ? 🗣️ say kee
🧩 Casual phrasing		 ਸੈ ਕੀ?
"Who is that?"
3. À qui est-ce ? 🗣️ ah kee ess
🧩 Possession		 ਆ ਕੀ ਐਸ?
"Whose is it?"

Où (Where)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: Where
  • Type: Adverb / Question Word
  • Punjabi Root: ਕਿੱਥੇ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /oo/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਊ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • Sound: Sounds exactly like the letter 'u' in "Uber". Short and punchy.
  • Accent: The accent grave (ù) distinguishes où (where) from ou (or). They sound the same though.

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Placement: Can be at the start (Où vas-tu?) or end (Tu vas où?) of a sentence.
  • Connector: Also used as "where" in statements: "The house where I live" (La maison où j'habite).

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Où est... ? 🗣️ oo eh...
🧩 Finding things		 ਊ ਐ...?
"Where is...?"
2. Où habites-tu ? 🗣️ oo ah-beet too
🧩 Habiter (To live)		 ਊ ਆਬੀਤ-ਤੂ?
"Where do you live?"
3. D'où viens-tu ? 🗣️ doo vyañ too
🧩 D'où (From where)		 ਦੂ ਵਿਆਂ-ਤੂ?
"Where do you come from?"

Pourquoi (Why)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: Why
  • Type: Adverb / Question Word
  • Punjabi Root: ਕਿਉਂ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /poor-kwa/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਪੂਰ-ਕੂਆ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'Pour': Like the English word "poor".
  • 'Quoi': Sounds like 'kwa' (rhymes with 'bra').

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • The Response: If someone asks Pourquoi?, you answer with Parce que (Because).
  • Structure: Can start a sentence or stand alone.

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Pourquoi pas ? 🗣️ poor-kwa pah
🧩 Common idiom		 ਪੂਰ-ਕੂਆ ਪਾ?
"Why not?"
2. Pourquoi es-tu triste ? 🗣️ poor-kwa eh-too treest
🧩 Informal		 ਪੂਰ-ਕੂਆ ਐ-ਤੂ ਤ੍ਰੀਸਤ?
"Why are you sad?"
3. Voilà pourquoi. 🗣️ vwah-lah poor-kwa
🧩 Explanation		 ਵੁਆਲਾ ਪੂਰ-ਕੂਆ
"That is why."

Comment (How)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: How / What (pardon)
  • Type: Adverb / Question Word
  • Punjabi Root: ਕਿਵੇਂ / ਕੀ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /koh-mawn/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਕੋਮੋੰ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • Nasal End: The 'ent' is nasal. Don't pronounce the 't' unless the next word is a vowel (Liaison).
  • Intonation: Rising pitch if asking for repetition.

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Clarification: If you didn't hear someone, saying "Comment ?" implies "Excuse me? / What did you say?"
  • Description: Used to ask about qualities (names, state of being).

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Comment tu t'appelles ? 🗣️ koh-mawn too tah-pell
🧩 Name asking		 ਕੋਮੋੰ ਤੂ ਤਾ-ਪੈਲ?
"What is your name?"
(Lit: How do you call yourself?)
2. Comment ça va ? 🗣️ koh-mawn sah vah
🧩 Ça va (It goes)		 ਕੋਮੋੰ ਸਾ ਵਾ?
"How is it going?"
3. C'est comment ? 🗣️ say koh-mawn
🧩 Asking for opinion		 ਸੈ ਕੋਮੋੰ?
"What's it like?" / "How is it?"

Tu - Vous (You)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: You (Informal) - You (Formal/Plural)
  • Type: Subject Pronouns
  • Punjabi Root: ਤੂੰ / ਤੁਸੀਂ

🔊 Phonetics

  • Tu: /too/ (Sharp 'u' sound) → ਤੂ
  • Vous: /voo/ (Deep 'oo' sound) → ਵੂ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • Tu vs Vous Sound: Tu requires pursing your lips (tight circle). Vous is a relaxed 'oo' (like 'food').
  • Vous Silent 'S': The 's' is silent unless liaison occurs.

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Tu: Family, friends, children, pets, God. (Punjabi: ਤੂੰ)
  • Vous: Elders, strangers, authority figures, or a group of people. (Punjabi: ਤੁਸੀਂ)
  • Verb Endings: Tu verbs usually end in 's'. Vous verbs usually end in 'ez'.

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Tu comprends ? 🗣️ too com-prawn
🧩 Informal		 ਤੂ ਕੋਮ-ਪ੍ਰੌਂ?
"Do you understand?"
2. Vous comprenez ? 🗣️ voo com-pren-ay
🧩 Formal		 ਵੂ ਕੋਮ-ਪ੍ਰੇਨੇ?
"Do you (formal) understand?"
3. Et toi ? / Et vous ? 🗣️ ay twa / ay voo
🧩 Stress pronouns		 ਏ ਤੂਆ? / ਏ ਵੂ?
"And you?"

Sont - Êtes - Es (Forms of "To Be")

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: Are / Are / Are
  • Type: Verb Conjugation (Être)
  • Punjabi Root: ਹਨ / ਹੋ / ਹੈ

🔊 Phonetics

  • Sont: /sohn/ (Nasal) → ਸੋੰ
  • Êtes: /eht/ → ਐਤ
  • Es: /eh/ → ਐ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • Sont: Don't pronounce the 't'. Just a nasal 'on'.
  • Êtes: Pronounce the 't' at the end sharply.
  • Es: Sounds exactly like the letter 'A' or 'È'. Silent 's'.

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Ils/Elles Sont: They are (Plural).
  • Vous Êtes: You are (Formal/Plural).
  • Tu Es: You are (Informal/Singular).

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Où sont-ils ? 🗣️ oo sohn-teel
🧩 Liaison t sound		 ਊ ਸੋੰ-ਤੀਲ?
"Where are they?"
2. Vous êtes gentil. 🗣️ vooz eht zhan-tee
🧩 Z sound connects Vous+êtes		 ਵੂਜ਼ ਐਤ ਜ਼ੌਂਤੀ
"You are kind."
3. Tu es mon ami. 🗣️ too eh mon ah-mee
🧩 Informal		 ਤੂ ਐ ਮੋੰ ਅਮੀ
"You are my friend."

Est (Is)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: Is
  • Type: Verb Conjugation (Être - 3rd Person)
  • Punjabi Root: ਹੈ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /eh/ (like 'e' in 'bet')
  • Punjabi Approx: ਐ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • Silent Letters: The 's' and 't' are completely silent!
  • Sound: It sounds exactly like "et" (and) or "es" (you are).

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Subject: Used with Il (He), Elle (She), On (One), or C' (It).
  • C'est: Very common phrase meaning "It is" or "This is".

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Il est ici. 🗣️ eel eh-tee-see
🧩 Liaison: est → ici		 ਇਲ ਐ-ਤੀ-ਸੀ
"He is here."
2. C'est bon. 🗣️ say bohn
🧩 Contraction: Ce + est		 ਸੈ ਬੋੰ
"It is good."
3. Où est le chat ? 🗣️ oo eh luh shah
🧩 No liaison usually after où		 ਊ ਐ ਲੂ ਸ਼ਾ?
"Where is the cat?"

Puis-je (Can I)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: Can I / May I
  • Type: Verb Phrase (Inversion)
  • Punjabi Root: ਕੀ ਮੈਂ ਕਰ ਸਕਦਾ ਹਾਂ?

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /pwee-zhuh/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਪਵੀ-ਜ਼ੂ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'Puis': Uses the tricky French 'ui' sound (start saying 'oo' then switch to 'ee' quickly).
  • 'Je': Soft 'J' sound like the 's' in 'measure'.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਪਵੀ-ਜ਼ੂ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • The Inversion: This is the formal inversion of Je peux (I can).
  • Usage: Used strictly for asking permission or offering help politely.
  • Comparison: Much more polite than "Est-ce que je peux...".

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Puis-je vous aider ? 🗣️ pwee-zhuh vooz ay-day
🧩 Vous (formal you)		 ਪਵੀ-ਜ਼ੂ ਵੂਜ਼ ਏਦੇ?
"May I help you?"
(Classic shop/service phrase)
2. Puis-je entrer ? 🗣️ pwee-zhuh awn-tray
🧩 Entrer (to enter)		 ਪਵੀ-ਜ਼ੂ ਔਂਤਰੇ?
"May I come in?"
3. Puis-je avoir l'eau ? 🗣️ pwee-zhuh ah-vwar lo
🧩 Avoir (to have)		 ਪਵੀ-ਜ਼ੂ ਆਵੁਆਰ ਲੋ?
"Can I have the water?"

Allez-vous (Are you going/doing)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: Are you going / How are you
  • Type: Verb Phrase (Inversion)
  • Punjabi Root: ਕੀ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਜਾ ਰਹੇ ਹੋ? / ਕੀ ਹਾਲ ਹੈ?

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /ah-lay-voo/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਆਲੇ-ਵੂ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • Liaison: No 's' sound at the end of Allez, but often flows into the next word if it starts with a vowel.
  • 'Vous': The 's' is silent unless followed by a vowel.

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Inversion: Vous allez → Allez-vous.
  • Dual Meaning: Can mean physical movement ("Are you going?") or health status ("How are you doing?").

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Comment allez-vous ? 🗣️ koh-mawn t-ah-lay-voo
🧩 Liaison t sound links words		 ਕੋਮੋੰ ਤਾਲੇ-ਵੂ?
"How are you?"
(Formal)
2. Où allez-vous ? 🗣️ oo ah-lay-voo
🧩 Où (Where)		 ਊ ਆਲੇ-ਵੂ?
"Where are you going?"
3. Allez-vous bien ? 🗣️ ah-lay-voo byañ
🧩 Bien (Good/Well)		 ਆਲੇ-ਵੂ ਬਿਆਂ?
"Are you well?"

Voulez-vous (Do you want)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: Do you want / Would you like
  • Type: Verb Phrase (Inversion)
  • Punjabi Root: ਕੀ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਹੋ?

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /voo-lay-voo/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਵੂਲੇ-ਵੂ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'Vou': Deep 'oo' sound.
  • 'Lez': Pronounced 'Lay' (rhymes with 'day'). The 'z' is silent.

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Politeness: This is the polite/formal way to offer something or ask someone's desire.
  • Famous Lyric: Think of the song "Voulez-vous coucher avec moi".

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Que voulez-vous ? 🗣️ kuh voo-lay-voo
🧩 Que (What)		 ਕੂ ਵੂਲੇ-ਵੂ?
"What do you want?"
2. Voulez-vous un café ? 🗣️ voo-lay-voo uh ka-fay
🧩 Un (A)		 ਵੂਲੇ-ਵੂ ਅ ਕੈਫੇ?
"Do you want a coffee?"
3. Voulez-vous danser ? 🗣️ voo-lay-voo dawn-say
🧩 Danser (To dance)		 ਵੂਲੇ-ਵੂ ਦੌਂਸੇ?
"Do you want to dance?"

Comment allez-vous ? (How are you?)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: How are you doing?
  • Type: Question Phrase
  • Punjabi Root: ਤੁਹਾਡਾ ਕੀ ਹਾਲ ਹੈ?

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /koh-mawn-t-ah-lay-voo/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਕੋਮੋੰ-ਤਾਲੇ-ਵੂ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • The 'T' Liaison: Crucial rule here. The 't' in Comment is usually silent, but because allez starts with a vowel, you MUST pronounce the 't' to bridge them.
  • Sound: Becomes Commen-tallez-vous.

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Formal: This is the standard formal greeting for elders, strangers, or professionals.
  • Literal: "How go you?"

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Bonjour, comment allez-vous ? 🗣️ bon-zhoor...
🧩 Standard Greeting		 ਬੋਂਜ਼ੂਰ, ਕੋਮੋੰ-ਤਾਲੇ-ਵੂ?
"Hello, how are you?"
2. Et vous, comment allez-vous ? 🗣️ ay voo...
🧩 Et (And)		 ਏ ਵੂ, ਕੋਮੋੰ-ਤਾਲੇ-ਵੂ?
"And you, how are you?"

Manger (To Eat)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: To Eat
  • Type: Verb (1st group, regular -er verb)
  • Punjabi Root: ਖਾਣਾ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /mahn-zhay/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਮੌਂ-ਜ਼ੇ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • The 'M' is like in English.
  • 'an' is a nasal sound, similar to 'on' in 'song' but more open.
  • 'g' before 'e' is a soft 'zh' sound (like 's' in 'pleasure').
  • 'er' at the end is pronounced like 'ay' in 'say'.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਮੌਂ (nasal 'o') + ਜ਼ੇ (soft 'g' + 'ay') → ਮੌਂ-ਜ਼ੇ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Regular -er verb: Conjugates like most verbs ending in -er, except for a slight spelling change in the 'nous' form to maintain the soft 'g' sound.
  • Nous form: Nous mangeons (we eat) - an 'e' is added before the 'ons' to keep the 'g' soft.
  • Commonly used: For expressing the act of consuming food.

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Je mange une pomme. 🗣️ zhuh mahnzh oon pohm
🧩 Je (I) + mange (eat)		 ਜ਼ੂ ਮੌਂਜ਼ ਊਨ ਪੋਮ
"I eat an apple."
2. Tu manges quoi ? 🗣️ too mahnzh kwah
🧩 Tu (You) + manges (eat)		 ਤੂ ਮੌਂਜ਼ ਕਵਾ?
"What are you eating?" (Informal)
3. Nous mangeons ensemble. 🗣️ noo mahn-zhohn ahn-sahmbl
🧩 Nous (We) + mangeons (eat)		 ਨੂ ਮੌਂ-ਜ਼ੋਂ ਅਂ-ਸਾਂਬਲ
"We eat together."
4. Il aime manger des frites. 🗣️ eel em mahn-zhay day freet
🧩 aimer (to like) + manger (to eat)		 ਇਲ ਐਮ ਮੌਂ-ਜ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਫ੍ਰੀਤ
"He likes to eat fries."
5. Vous mangez bien. 🗣️ voo mahn-zhay byañ
🧩 Vous (You - plural/formal) + mangez (eat)		 ਵੂ ਮੌਂ-ਜ਼ੇ ਬਿਆਂ
"You eat well."

#vocabulary

Boire (To Drink)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: To Drink
  • Type: Verb (3rd group, irregular)
  • Punjabi Root: ਪੀਣਾ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /bwahr/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਬਵਾਰ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'B' is like in English.
  • 'oi' is pronounced like 'wa' in 'water'.
  • 're' is a soft 'r' sound, almost silent, or like the 'r' in 'car' in some accents.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਬ (b) + ਵਾਰ (war) → ਬਵਾਰ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Irregular verb: Does not follow a standard conjugation pattern. Must be memorized.
  • Common conjugations: Je bois (I drink), Tu bois (You drink), Il/Elle boit (He/She drinks), Nous buvons (We drink), Vous buvez (You drink), Ils/Elles boivent (They drink).
  • Used for: Consuming liquids.

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Je bois de l'eau. 🗣️ zhuh bwah duh loh
🧩 Je (I) + bois (drink)		 ਜ਼ੂ ਬਵਾ ਦੂ ਲੋ
"I drink water."
2. Tu bois du café ? 🗣️ too bwah doo kah-fay
🧩 Tu (You) + bois (drink)		 ਤੂ ਬਵਾ ਦੂ ਕਾ-ਫੇ?
"Do you drink coffee?"
3. Nous buvons du vin. 🗣️ noo boo-vohn doo vañ
🧩 Nous (We) + buvons (drink)		 ਨੂ ਬੂ-ਵੋਂ ਦੂ ਵੈਂ
"We drink wine."
4. Elle veut boire un thé. 🗣️ el vuh bwahr uhñ tay
🧩 vouloir (to want) + boire (to drink)		 ਐਲ ਵੂ ਬਵਾਰ ਅਂ ਤੇ
"She wants to drink a tea."
5. Ils boivent du jus. 🗣️ eel bwahv doo zhoo
🧩 Ils (They) + boivent (drink)		 ਇਲ ਬਵਾਵ ਦੂ ਜ਼ੂ
"They drink juice."

#vocabulary

Commander (To Order)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: To Order / To Command
  • Type: Verb (1st group, regular -er verb)
  • Punjabi Root: ਆਰਡਰ ਕਰਨਾ / ਹੁਕਮ ਦੇਣਾ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /koh-mahn-day/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਕੋ-ਮੌਂ-ਦੇ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'Co' is like 'koh' in 'cohort'.
  • 'mman' is a nasal 'ahn' sound, similar to 'on' in 'song'.
  • 'der' is pronounced like 'day' in 'daylight'.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਕੋ (koh) + ਮੌਂ (nasal 'o') + ਦੇ (day) → ਕੋ-ਮੌਂ-ਦੇ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Regular -er verb: Conjugates like most verbs ending in -er.
  • Two main meanings:
    • To order (food, goods, etc.): Commander un plat (to order a dish).
    • To command / to be in charge: Commander une armée (to command an army).
  • Context is key: The meaning is usually clear from the surrounding words.

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Je voudrais commander. 🗣️ zhuh voo-dray koh-mahn-day
🧩 Je voudrais (I would like) + commander (to order)		 ਜ਼ੂ ਵੂ-ਦਰੇ ਕੋ-ਮੌਂ-ਦੇ
"I would like to order."
2. Nous commandons une pizza. 🗣️ noo koh-mahn-dohn oon peet-zah
🧩 Nous (We) + commandons (order)		 ਨੂ ਕੋ-ਮੌਂ-ਦੋਂ ਊਨ ਪੀਤ-ਜ਼ਾ
"We are ordering a pizza."
3. Il a commandé un livre. 🗣️ eel ah koh-mahn-day uhñ leevr
🧩 Il a commandé (He ordered - passé composé)		 ਇਲ ਆ ਕੋ-ਮੌਂ-ਦੇ ਅਂ ਲੀਵਰ
"He ordered a book."
4. Que voulez-vous commander ? 🗣️ kuh voo-lay-voo koh-mahn-day
🧩 Que (What) + voulez-vous (do you want)		 ਕੂ ਵੂ-ਲੇ-ਵੂ ਕੋ-ਮੌਂ-ਦੇ?
"What do you want to order?"
5. Elle commande le bateau. 🗣️ el koh-mahn-duh luh bah-toh
🧩 Elle (She) + commande (commands)		 ਐਲ ਕੋ-ਮੌਂ-ਦੂ ਲੂ ਬਾ-ਤੋ
"She commands the boat."

#vocabulary

Essayer (To Try)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: To Try / To Attempt
  • Type: Verb (1st group, -yer verb with stem change)
  • Punjabi Root: ਕੋਸ਼ਿਸ਼ ਕਰਨਾ / ਅਜ਼ਮਾਉਣਾ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /eh-say-yay/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਐ-ਸੇ-ਯੇ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'Es' is like 'eh' in 'bed'.
  • 'say' is like 'say' in English.
  • 'yer' is like 'yay' in 'yay!'.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਐ (eh) + ਸੇ (say) + ਯੇ (yay) → ਐ-ਸੇ-ਯੇ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • -yer verb: Verbs ending in -yer often have a stem change in conjugation.
  • Two common conjugations:
    • J'essaie (I try) - 'y' changes to 'i' before a silent 'e'.
    • J'essaye (I try) - 'y' remains, both are acceptable.
  • Used with 'de' + infinitive: Essayer de faire (to try to do).
  • Used for: Trying an action, trying on clothes, or tasting food.

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. J'essaie de comprendre. 🗣️ zheh-say duh kohñ-prahñdr
🧩 J'essaie (I try) + de comprendre (to understand)		 ਜ਼ੈ-ਸੇ ਦੂ ਕੋਂ-ਪ੍ਰਾਂਦਰ
"I try to understand."
2. Tu essaies cette robe ? 🗣️ too eh-say set rohb
🧩 Tu essaies (You try) + cette robe (this dress)		 ਤੂ ਐ-ਸੇ ਸੈਤ ਰੋਬ?
"Are you trying on this dress?"
3. Nous essayons de manger sainement. 🗣️ noo eh-say-yohn duh mahn-zhay sen-mahn
🧩 Nous essayons (We try)		 ਨੂ ਐ-ਸੇ-ਯੋਂ ਦੂ ਮੌਂ-ਜ਼ੇ ਸੈਨ-ਮੌਂ
"We try to eat healthily."
4. Il faut essayer. 🗣️ eel foh eh-say-yay
🧩 Il faut (It is necessary) + essayer (to try)		 ਇਲ ਫੋ ਐ-ਸੇ-ਯੇ
"One must try." / "You have to try."
5. Essayez ce plat ! 🗣️ eh-say-yay suh plah
🧩 Imperative form of essayer		 ਐ-ਸੇ-ਯੇ ਸੂ ਪਲਾ!
"Try this dish!"

#vocabulary

Faire (To Do / To Make)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: To Do / To Make
  • Type: Verb (3rd group, highly irregular)
  • Punjabi Root: ਕਰਨਾ / ਬਣਾਉਣਾ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /fair/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਫੇਰ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'F' is like in English.
  • 'ai' is pronounced like 'eh' in 'bed' or 'air' in 'fair'.
  • 're' is a soft 'r' sound, often almost silent.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਫੇ (feh) + ਰ (r) → ਫੇਰ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Highly irregular verb: One of the most common and irregular verbs in French. Its conjugations must be memorized.
  • Many uses:
    • To do an activity: Faire du sport (to do sport).
    • To make something: Faire un gâteau (to make a cake).
    • To describe weather: Il fait beau (It's beautiful weather).
    • To ask about professions: Que faites-vous dans la vie ? (What do you do for a living?).

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Je fais mes devoirs. 🗣️ zhuh fay may duh-vwahr
🧩 Je (I) + fais (do)		 ਜ਼ੂ ਫੇ ਮੇ ਦੂ-ਵਾਰ
"I do my homework."
2. Tu fais quoi ? 🗣️ too fay kwah
🧩 Tu (You) + fais (do)		 ਤੂ ਫੇ ਕਵਾ?
"What are you doing?" (Informal)
3. Nous faisons un gâteau. 🗣️ noo fuh-zohn uhñ gah-toh
🧩 Nous (We) + faisons (make)		 ਨੂ ਫੂ-ਜ਼ੋਂ ਅਂ ਗਾ-ਤੋ
"We are making a cake."
4. Il fait beau aujourd'hui. 🗣️ eel fay boh oh-zhoor-dwee
🧩 Il fait (It is - weather)		 ਇਲ ਫੇ ਬੋ ਓ-ਜ਼ੂਰ-ਦਵੀ
"It's beautiful today."
5. Faites attention ! 🗣️ fet ah-tahn-syohn
🧩 Imperative form of faire		 ਫੈਤ ਆ-ਤਾਂ-ਸਯੋਂ!
"Pay attention!"

#vocabulary

Louer (To Hire / To Rent)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: To Hire / To Rent / To Praise
  • Type: Verb (1st group, regular -er verb)
  • Punjabi Root: ਕਿਰਾਏ 'ਤੇ ਲੈਣਾ / ਕਿਰਾਏ 'ਤੇ ਦੇਣਾ / ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ੰਸਾ ਕਰਨਾ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /loo-ay/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਲੂ-ਏ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'L' is like in English.
  • 'ou' is pronounced like 'oo' in 'moon'.
  • 'er' at the end is pronounced like 'ay' in 'say'.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਲੂ (loo) + ਏ (ay) → ਲੂ-ਏ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Regular -er verb: Conjugates like most verbs ending in -er.
  • Dual meaning for 'rent': Can mean both 'to rent out' (as a landlord) and 'to rent from' (as a tenant). Context clarifies.
  • 'To praise': A less common but important meaning, often used in formal or religious contexts.

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Je veux louer une voiture. 🗣️ zhuh vuh loo-ay oon vwah-toor
🧩 Je veux (I want) + louer (to rent)		 ਜ਼ੂ ਵੂ ਲੂ-ਏ ਊਨ ਵਵਾ-ਤੂਰ
"I want to rent a car."
2. Nous louons un appartement. 🗣️ noo loo-ohn uhñ ah-par-tuh-mahn
🧩 Nous (We) + louons (rent)		 ਨੂ ਲੂ-ਓਂ ਅਂ ਆ-ਪਾਰ-ਤੂ-ਮੌਂ
"We are renting an apartment."
3. Il a loué son vélo. 🗣️ eel ah loo-ay soñ vay-loh
🧩 Il a loué (He rented out / He rented)		 ਇਲ ਆ ਲੂ-ਏ ਸੋਂ ਵੇ-ਲੋ
"He rented out his bike." / "He rented his bike."
4. Louez-vous des skis ? 🗣️ loo-ay-voo day skee
🧩 Louez-vous (Do you rent)		 ਲੂ-ਏ-ਵੂ ਦੇ ਸਕੀ?
"Do you rent skis?"
5. Louons le Seigneur. 🗣️ loo-ohn luh señ-yoor
🧩 Louons (Let's praise)		 ਲੂ-ਓਂ ਲੂ ਸੈਨ-ਯੂਰ
"Let's praise the Lord."

#vocabulary

Aller (To Go)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: To Go
  • Type: Verb (3rd group, highly irregular)
  • Punjabi Root: ਜਾਣਾ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /ah-lay/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਆ-ਲੇ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'A' is like 'ah' in 'father'.
  • 'll' is like 'l' in English.
  • 'er' at the end is pronounced like 'ay' in 'say'.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਆ (ah) + ਲੇ (lay) → ਆ-ਲੇ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Highly irregular verb: One of the most common and irregular verbs. Its conjugations must be memorized.
  • Auxiliary verb: Used with être in passé composé: Je suis allé(e) (I went).
  • Near future: Used to form the near future (futur proche): Aller + infinitive (e.g., Je vais manger - I am going to eat).
  • Common expressions: Ça va ? (How are you?), Allons-y ! (Let's go!).

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Je vais au marché. 🗣️ zhuh vay oh mar-shay
🧩 Je (I) + vais (go)		 ਜ਼ੂ ਵੇ ਓ ਮਾਰ-ਸ਼ੇ
"I am going to the market."
2. Tu vas bien ? 🗣️ too vah byañ
🧩 Tu (You) + vas (go)		 ਤੂ ਵਾ ਬਿਆਂ?
"Are you doing well?"
3. Nous allons partir. 🗣️ noo zah-lohn par-teer
🧩 Nous allons (We are going) + partir (to leave)		 ਨੂ ਜ਼ਾ-ਲੋਂ ਪਾਰ-ਤੀਰ
"We are going to leave."
4. Elle est allée à Paris. 🗣️ el eh tah-lay ah pah-ree
🧩 Elle est allée (She went - passé composé)		 ਐਲ ਏ ਤਾ-ਲੇ ਆ ਪਾ-ਰੀ
"She went to Paris."
5. Allez-y ! 🗣️ ah-lay-zee
🧩 Imperative form of aller		 ਆ-ਲੇ-ਜ਼ੀ!
"Go ahead!" / "Go for it!"

#vocabulary

Prendre (To Take)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: To Take / To Have (food/drink) / To Catch (transport)
  • Type: Verb (3rd group, irregular)
  • Punjabi Root: ਲੈਣਾ / ਫੜਨਾ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /prahñdr/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਪ੍ਰਾਂਦਰ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'Pr' is like in English.
  • 'en' is a nasal 'ahn' sound, similar to 'on' in 'song'.
  • 'dre' is like 'dr' in 'dry' with a very soft 'uh' sound at the end.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਪ੍ਰਾਂ (nasal 'a') + ਦਰ (dr) → ਪ੍ਰਾਂਦਰ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Irregular verb: Conjugation pattern needs to be learned.
  • Many uses:
    • To take an object: Prendre un livre (to take a book).
    • To have food/drink: Prendre un café (to have a coffee).
    • To take transport: Prendre le bus (to take the bus).
    • To make a decision: Prendre une décision (to make a decision).

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Je prends le train. 🗣️ zhuh prahñ luh trañ
🧩 Je (I) + prends (take)		 ਜ਼ੂ ਪ੍ਰਾਂ ਲੂ ਤ੍ਰੈਂ
"I take the train."
2. Tu prends un dessert ? 🗣️ too prahñ uhñ deh-ser
🧩 Tu (You) + prends (have)		 ਤੂ ਪ੍ਰਾਂ ਅਂ ਦੇ-ਸੇਰ?
"Are you having a dessert?"
3. Nous prenons des vacances. 🗣️ noo pruh-nohn day vah-kahñs
🧩 Nous (We) + prenons (take)		 ਨੂ ਪ੍ਰੂ-ਨੋਂ ਦੇ ਵਾ-ਕਾਂਸ
"We are taking a vacation."
4. Il a pris ma main. 🗣️ eel ah pree mah mañ
🧩 Il a pris (He took - passé composé)		 ਇਲ ਆ ਪ੍ਰੀ ਮਾ ਮੈਂ
"He took my hand."
5. Prenez votre temps. 🗣️ pruh-nay voh-truh tahñ
🧩 Imperative form of prendre		 ਪ੍ਰੂ-ਨੇ ਵੋ-ਤਰੂ ਤਾਂ
"Take your time."

#vocabulary

Avoir (To Have)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: To Have
  • Type: Verb (3rd group, highly irregular)
  • Punjabi Root: ਹੋਣਾ / ਕੋਲ ਹੋਣਾ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /ah-vwahr/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਆ-ਵਵਾਰ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'A' is like 'ah' in 'father'.
  • 'voi' is pronounced like 'vwa' in 'voilà'.
  • 're' is a soft 'r' sound, often almost silent.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਆ (ah) + ਵਵਾਰ (vwar) → ਆ-ਵਵਾਰ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Highly irregular verb: One of the most common and irregular verbs. Its conjugations must be memorized.
  • Auxiliary verb: Used to form compound tenses (e.g., passé composé) for most verbs: J'ai mangé (I ate).
  • Many idiomatic expressions:
    • Avoir faim (to be hungry - literally 'to have hunger').
    • Avoir soif (to be thirsty).
    • Avoir froid/chaud (to be cold/hot).
    • Avoir 20 ans (to be 20 years old - literally 'to have 20 years').

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. J'ai un livre. 🗣️ zhay uhñ leevr
🧩 J'ai (I have)		 ਜ਼ੇ ਅਂ ਲੀਵਰ
"I have a book."
2. Tu as faim ? 🗣️ too ah fañ
🧩 Tu as (You have) + faim (hunger)		 ਤੂ ਆ ਫੈਂ?
"Are you hungry?"
3. Nous avons deux chats. 🗣️ noo zah-vohn duh shah
🧩 Nous avons (We have)		 ਨੂ ਜ਼ਾ-ਵੋਂ ਦੂ ਸ਼ਾ
"We have two cats."
4. Il a 30 ans. 🗣️ eel ah trahñt ahñ
🧩 Il a (He has) + ans (years)		 ਇਲ ਆ ਤ੍ਰਾਂਤ ਆਂ
"He is 30 years old."
5. Vous avez raison. 🗣️ voo zah-vay reh-zohn
🧩 Vous avez (You have) + raison (reason)		 ਵੂ ਜ਼ਾ-ਵੇ ਰੇ-ਜ਼ੋਂ
"You are right."

#vocabulary

Changer (To Change)

Block

Core Profile

  • Translation: To Change / To Exchange
  • Type: Verb (1st group, regular -er verb)
  • Punjabi Root: ਬਦਲਣਾ / ਤਬਦੀਲ ਕਰਨਾ

🔊 Phonetics

  • English Approx: /shahñ-zhay/
  • Punjabi Approx: ਸ਼ਾਂ-ਜ਼ੇ

🧠 Deep Dive

🔍 Pronunciation Breakdown

  • 'Ch' is pronounced like 'sh' in 'shoe'.
  • 'an' is a nasal 'ahn' sound, similar to 'on' in 'song'.
  • 'g' before 'e' is a soft 'zh' sound (like 's' in 'pleasure').
  • 'er' at the end is pronounced like 'ay' in 'say'.
  • Punjabi Phonetic: ਸ਼ਾਂ (nasal 'a') + ਜ਼ੇ (soft 'g' + 'ay') → ਸ਼ਾਂ-ਜ਼ੇ

📝 Grammar & Usage

  • Regular -er verb: Conjugates like most verbs ending in -er, with the 'e' added in the 'nous' form to maintain the soft 'g' sound (Nous changeons).
  • Transitive and Intransitive: Can take a direct object (Changer de chemise - to change shirts) or be used without one (Les temps changent - Times are changing).
  • Changer de: Used when changing one thing for another (e.g., changer de train - to change trains).

💬 Sentence Bank

French Phrase Pronunciation & Breakdown Punjabi / Meaning
1. Je dois changer. 🗣️ zhuh dwah shahñ-zhay
🧩 Je dois (I must) + changer (change)		 ਜ਼ੂ ਦਵਾ ਸ਼ਾਂ-ਜ਼ੇ
"I must change."
2. Tu changes d'avis ? 🗣️ too shahñzh dah-vee
🧩 Tu changes (You change) + d'avis (opinion)		 ਤੂ ਸ਼ਾਂਜ਼ ਦਾ-ਵੀ?
"Are you changing your mind?"
3. Nous changeons de train. 🗣️ noo shahñ-zhohn duh trañ
🧩 Nous changeons (We change) + de train (train)		 ਨੂ ਸ਼ਾਂ-ਜ਼ੋਂ ਦੂ ਤ੍ਰੈਂ
"We are changing trains."
4. Il a changé de travail. 🗣️ eel ah shahñ-zhay duh trah-vahy
🧩 Il a changé (He changed - passé composé)		 ਇਲ ਆ ਸ਼ਾਂ-ਜ਼ੇ ਦੂ ਤ੍ਰਾ-ਵਾਯ
"He changed jobs."
5. Ça change tout. 🗣️ sah shahñzh too
🧩 Ça (That) + change (changes)		 ਸਾ ਸ਼ਾਂਜ਼ ਤੂ
"That changes everything."

#vocabulary

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